Kutshanje, umntu uphakamise umbuzo onomdla kwi-Intanethi: Ngaba unayo inkohliso yokuba ukuba isandi sincinci kakhulu, kuvakala ngathi iseti yentloko elungileyo ayihlukanga kwintloko yesiqhelo? Kwaye le ngoma inye, edlalwa ngezixhobo ezifanayo, ngaba isandi esikhulu sinokubuyisela "iinkcukacha" ezingakumbi? Kule nkalo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezizathu zalo.
Esi sixhobo sinye, kokukhona sikhulu isixa, kokukhona amandla okuba sibuyise iinkcukacha?
Oku akubandakanyi kuphela ukubanakho kokudlala kwezixhobo, kodwa kunye nokwamkelwa kwendlebe yomntu. Kukho uvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu kwimbali yokuqonda komntu isandi. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo kuthiwa yi-Equal-loudness Contour.
Ngo-1933, abaphandi ababini baseBell Labs, uHarvey Fletcher no-WA Munson, baba ngoovulindlela kolu hlobo lokuvavanywa, esele kuvavanywa kwaye kwaqinisekiswa ngabanye. Ngo-2003, i-International Organisation for Standardization (i-ISO) yapapasha i-ISO 226: 2003 esemgangathweni esekwe kwiziphumo zolingo ezahlukeneyo kwimbali. Eli nani lilandelayo linani eliqhelekileyo le-ISO 226: 2003 isophonic curve.
I-axis ethe nkqo ngasekhohlo imele inqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi (i-SPL), kwaye i-axis ethe tyaba imele isandi esihamba rhoqo.
Umgca obomvu yigon yexabiso lePhon (iPhon yiyunithi yokuKhanya),
Inani eliphawulwe ngaphezulu komgca ngamnye obomvu lixabiso lePhon kule curve.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo, kwindlebe yomntu, isandi se-1kHz kwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi se-20dBSPL sinokufikelela kwisandi se-20Phon. Isandi se-100Hz ukufezekisa ukungxola okufanayo, inqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi kufuneka lifike kwi-50dBSPL. Ezi zigqibo zilandelayo zinokuthathwa kula manani mabini:
1. Abantu banolwazelelelo kakhulu kwimiqondiso yokuhamba kwamaxesha. Ngaphantsi kwamanqanaba oxinzelelo lwesandi ahlukeneyo, imiqondiso yokuhamba kwamaxesha aphakathi inokubonakala ngcono.
2. Ukuqonda komntu ngesantya esisezantsi kunye neempawu zokuhamba rhoqo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwesandi.
3. Okukhona sikhulu isandi, kokukhona sibhengeza ukuqonda kwethu amaza esiginali, oko kukuthi, kokukhona isandi sikhulu, kuba lula ngakumbi ukuba iindlebe zethu zibone amaza asezantsi naphezulu ophawu.
Kumculo, amaza asezantsi anika abantu amandla okomelela, kwaye amaza aphakamileyo ahambelana nokukhanya, ukucaca, kunye nomoya. Ke ngoko, kokuphakama kwesandi, kokukhona zizityebi iinkcukacha zomculo kunjalo.
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, phantsi kwesandi esinye kunye nezixhobo zokudlala, ukonyusa ivolumu kwenza abantu bazive ngakumbi iinkcukacha zesandi, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ngokungcono kuya kuba ngcono.
Nguwuphi owona mthamo ufanelekileyo wokumamela umculo onamanqanaba ahlukeneyo?
Ukuzoba kwicandelo le "Louder Perceived Better" kwicandelo lokuXuba incwadi, indawo ichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Inxulumene nohlobo lomculo kunye nomgangatho wokurekhoda.
Ukuba umda osezantsi wokuphakama kwesakhono sokucalucalula somntu ngu-20dB.
Xa emamele iqhekeza lomculo weklasikhi onamandla ashukumisayo angama-80dB, kufuneka ajike ivolumu iye kwi-100dB ukuze akwazi ukwahlula zonke iinkcukacha. Ukuba uvula ivolumu ye-60dB kuphela, kukho iinkcukacha ezininzi ezingaphantsi kwe-20dB, kwaye akakwazi ukuxelela nokuba uyayiva.
Uluhlu oluguquguqukayo lomnye umculo othandwayo lunokuba yi-40dB kuphela, ke xa ivolumu iguqulwe yaya kwi-60dB, zonke iinkcukacha zinokubalulwa.
Umculo onoluhlu olubanzi oluguquguqukayo unenqanaba lokutyeba elinobutyebi, kwaye umahluko phakathi kokuhla nokutshintsha kweemvakalelo nawo womelele, uzisa ulonwabo ngakumbi lokuva kunye nolwaneliseko. Kodwa iimfuno zomsebenzi / ukucula kunye nokurekhoda zikwaphezulu.
Inxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwenkqubo.
Ayisiyi-headphone kuphela, kodwa ikwayiimithombo yeaudio kunye neeamps.
Ukuba sisixhobo esisezantsi ngokwentelekiso, ukuphambuka kukhulu, kwaye iinkcukacha ziya kulahleka ngaphandle komthamo. Kufana nokujonga abantu ngeglasi enqabileyo. Nangona ubona ukuphakama okanye umbala weenwele, awunakububona ubuso bobuso.
Ukurekhodwa okungqongqo nokusesikweni (xa kuthelekiswa nengxolo ekhoyo yangoku ebizwa ngokuba yi-HIFI yokurekhoda), ukudlala ngenkqubo yesandi elungileyo, kusafuneka ivolumu ethile ukuba iphinde ivelise indawo, "ivolumu ethile" ekhankanywe apha ingaphezulu kwesiqhelo Umthamo oqhelekileyo kufuneka ingxole.
Ukurekhodwa ngoku ngokusekwe kwi-0dB. Ukuba izixhobo zomsindo wonke umntu ziphelelwe lixesha, zineentloko kunye nezikali zemitha, indibaniselwano yesithethi iyafaneleka. Ke, xa udlala umculo ophakamileyo, zonke iimitha zatsiba malunga ne-0dB. Ngokubanzi, ivolumu iphezulu kakhulu kwimeko yasekhaya. Ukuba unokwenza ukufakwa kwesandi esifanelekileyo kunye nokugquma kwesandi, nokuba ivolumu yehlisiwe, uya kuva iinkcukacha ezininzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-15-2021